Science with Mandy

Current role: Postdoctoral research fellow

Graduate college: Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea

Field of study & degree: Neurobiology

What do you currently do for work? I have been researching neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis, a lysosomal storage disorder characterized by neurodegeneration and early mortality. This disease has been linked to several genes crucial for lysosomal function. My primary focus has been on a gene responsible for encoding a co-chaperone protein. I am currently in the process of finalizing my research and preparing it for publication.

Did you always want to go into this field? If not, how did you decide to? Throughout my research journey, my enduring passion has been understanding the molecular mechanisms driving neurodegeneration. I was particularly drawn to investigating the propagation features of Parkinson’s Disease when I initially joined my current lab, focusing on the cellular biology aspect of this phenomenon. However, as my project progressed, I came to realize that the molecular pathway I had been studying was more closely related to the lysosomal storage disorder I mentioned earlier. Consequently, I redirected my research efforts towards studying this disorder instead.

How did you know that you wanted to go to graduate school? Was it something you have always known or was there a specific thing that you learned about that sparked your interest? During my undergraduate years, I had the opportunity to carry out various experiments in a lab class under the guidance of my graduate school advisor at the time. Typically, undergraduate students follow a structured curriculum and conduct experiments for one semester, which doesn’t provide much room for independent research. However, in this particular lab, we were given a small project that allowed undergraduate students to make meaningful contributions. It was during this experience that I truly discovered the satisfaction of research. I was also delighted to see that this project eventually developed into a chapter of my doctoral thesis.

What major did you study in college? Why did you choose that major specifically? During my college years, I pursued a major in biology at Yonsei University’s College of Natural Sciences. The curriculum at my university was designed such that in the first year, students delved into general natural sciences, encompassing subjects like biology, chemistry, and mathematics. It wasn’t until the second year that we had the opportunity to select a specific major. Among these options, biology stood out to me as relatively easier to comprehend and more enjoyable compared to other subjects. It was during this time that I began to entertain the idea of pursuing graduate studies. What particularly inspired me was the teaching approach of our professors. They didn’t merely stick to the contents of textbooks but also incorporated their own research into their lectures. This not only made the subject matter more engaging but also piqued my interest in the possibility of further academic pursuits.

What degree did you pursue in graduate school? Why did you decide on a PhD rather than a Master’s? I completed my doctoral degree in neurobiology through an integrated Master’s and doctoral program. While many of my peers who graduated with Master’s degrees opted for positions in pharmaceutical companies or corporate research institutes, my ambition had always been to pursue a research-oriented career. Consequently, I made the deliberate choice to pursue a doctoral degree from the outset of my graduate school journey.

What is one thing you wish you had done differently to prepare for graduate school, if anything, and why? During my third and fourth years of college, I undertook summer internships at a laboratory within the same department. This laboratory specialized in structural biology, providing me with valuable exposure to the inner workings of such research. Interestingly, my doctoral advisor happened to be a professor I had encountered during my undergraduate studies. His lectures on neurobiology always captivated my interest, and I attended them with great enthusiasm. At a later point, I had a college consultation with this professor, during which he entrusted me with a bundle of research papers from his lab to read. Over the course of several days, I dedicated myself to thoroughly understanding the content of these papers, a task I approached with great diligence.

What made you choose your specific lab to work in as a postdoc? Throughout my doctoral studies, my research focus remained centered on unraveling the molecular mechanisms underpinning neurodegenerative diseases. I found it particularly intriguing how diseases like Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s exhibited a pattern of lesion propagation akin to cancer. This piqued my curiosity and drove me to delve deeper into this aspect of the diseases. During my quest for a postdoctoral research position, I had the privilege of crossing paths with a doctor who had conducted detailed cytological studies on the mechanisms governing the propagation of proteins associated with these brain diseases. It was around this time that I encountered a publication from my current lab, and I consider myself fortunate to have been presented with the opportunity to collaborate with them.

What do you think was the most valuable experience you had in graduate school that has helped you the most in your research? I believe one of the most invaluable experiences during my research journey was the constant exchange of ideas with fellow lab members. While the essence of being a researcher lies in conducting experiments, interpreting results, and writing papers, I’ve come to realize that an equal measure of fulfillment is derived from the daily discourse with colleagues—engaging in constructive critiques, and collectively striving to unearth superior solutions.

Which of your experiences as an undergrad set you up for the most success as a grad student? I made a deliberate effort to sustain and deepen my passion for biology. Specifically, I sought to expand my knowledge beyond the confines of exam-related studying, especially in areas that piqued my interest the most. This proactive approach not only helped me maintain my enthusiasm for biology but also paved the way for the research pursuits I undertook during my graduate studies.

Which of your experiences as an grad student set you up for the most success as a postdoc? My PhD supervisor was a distinguished neurobiologist with a strong background in anatomy. He consistently emphasized the significance of anatomy and physiology to his students, underlining that even as biologists, we should prioritize these subjects. While the study of molecular biology and cell biology offers a reductionist perspective, I firmly believe that delving into the fundamental operational aspects of the body, as well as the diverse range of tissues and their regulation, has enriched my perspective in this field. It has enabled me to approach my research with a broader and more comprehensive view.

Who has been your biggest role model on your journey to earn a PhD? I don’t have a specific role model in my career. I hold the belief that every researcher possesses their own unique expertise and individuality, and there’s something valuable to learn from both successful and less successful researchers. My aspiration is to assimilate the diverse experiences and perspectives of various researchers into my own journey, thereby growing and evolving into a researcher who contributes positively to the field.

Why did you decide to do a postdoc? Korea, my home country, has undeniably made impressive strides in the field of science in recent decades. However, the United States stands out as a nation renowned for its exceptional pool of talented individuals from diverse backgrounds and its abundant research resources. It was in this stimulating environment that I felt compelled to push my boundaries, further develop my skills, and embark on a journey towards becoming an independent researcher. This drive led me to the decision to pursue a postdoctoral position in the United States.

What are your next steps in your career after finishing up your postdoc? My ultimate aspiration is to secure a faculty position either in Korea or the United States, where I can establish my own research laboratory and continue my investigations into degenerative brain diseases, a field that has captured my deep interest and dedication.

Is there anything you expect to find particularly challenging in your future career as a researcher? Currently, the paramount focus in my career is establishing a “strong” publication record. The initial evaluation criteria for most academic job applications place significant emphasis on quantitative metrics, including the number of papers published within a specific timeframe and the impact factor of the journals (although many scientists critique these indicators as insufficient for assessing a researcher’s capabilities). Regrettably, this trend is particularly entrenched in my home country, Korea. While it’s disheartening, I must acknowledge that to some extent, my future prospects will be influenced by the progress of the project I am currently engaged in.

What is something you wish you had known before going to grad school? When selecting a graduate school, I firmly believe that the most crucial factor is whether the research topic in a lab resonates with my interests. To gauge this, I often ask myself whether reading papers from that lab sparks greater curiosity and generates more questions. Additionally, it’s essential to make a wise choice regarding the field of study. Even if a particular field is currently in the spotlight, its prominence may wane by the time you embark on your professional career 5-10 years down the road. However, predicting such shifts can be challenging, even with extensive research experience. I find it valuable to begin by thoroughly exploring various media outlets, such as scientific YouTube channels, blogs, and research papers. Engaging with these resources, alongside seeking advice from a diverse range of experts, including professors, can help chart a more informed and personalized path for one’s academic journey.